Prevención Universal de la Ansiedad en Niños y Adolescentes: Una Revisión Sistemática
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Los trastornos de ansiedad son los más frecuentes entre niños y adolescentes en edad escolar, y afectan a 4%-25% de esta población. Los programas de prevención universal pueden fortalecer factores de protección y minimizar factores de riesgo, reduciendo la demanda de tratamiento para este trastorno en el futuro. El propósito de este artículo fue revisar sistematicamente estudios basados en evidencias de programas de prevención universal para ansiedad en la infancia y la adolescência, producidos entre 1985 y 2012. La búsqueda fue realizada por dos investigadores independientes, en Bireme y PsycINFO, con las siguientes palavras-clave en combinación: “prevenção”, “ansiedade”, “infância”, “universal” y “adolescência”, y sus equivalentes en inglés. Se han encontrado 197 estudios y 12 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. La revisión muestra un progreso considerable en la producción internacional de conocimiento científico sobre estas intervenciones, pero muestra también un vacío importante en las investigaciónes nacionales, evidenciado por la ausencia de estudios brasileños sobre el tema.
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