Relações entre Leitura e Empatia: Uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura
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O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer as principais investigações sobre as relações entre a leitura de textos ficcionais e a empatia em crianças e adolescentes. Por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura científica nas bases SciELO, ERIC e PsycInfo, de 2009 a 2020, foram analisados, na íntegra, 21 artigos. A análise realizada mostrou uma predominância de estudos de intervenção, seguidos por estudos de caso e estudos correlacionais. A amostra das investigações se constitui, predominantemente, de estudantes, apesar de algumas incluírem também a percepção do professor e dos pais e responsáveis. Foram verificadas diferentes facetas da relação entre leitura e empatia, sendo identificados tanto estudos que enfatizam a contribuição da leitura para o desenvolvimento da empatia como estudos que mostram a contribuição da empatia para a aprendizagem inicial e o desenvolvimento da compreensão leitora. Grande parte das pesquisas foi realizada no contexto norte-americano, apontando uma lacuna no cenário brasileiro.
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