Pasos del Protocolo de Intervención Psicosocial para Docentes en Salud Mental en la Adolescencia: Un Estudio Piloto
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Los docentes deben estar preparados para promover y prevenir la salud mental de los adolescentes mediante intervenciones psicosociales. Sobre todo, incluirlos en la lista de cuidados para su salud y bienestar, ya que el enfoque predominante de la atención en salud mental sigue siendo el diagnóstico, la reducción de los sintomas y la dependencia excesiva de psicofármacos. El estudio objetiva presentar las etapas de elaboración de un protocolo de intervención psicosocial en salud mental en la adolescencia dirigido a docentes. Para ello se describirán los procesos para la elaboración del protocolo preliminar; evaluación de expertos y estudio piloto. La muestra estuvo conformada por tres profesionales expertos en el tema para evaluar el protocolo y dos docentes formaron parte de la etapa de estudio piloto. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Cuestionario de Alfabetización en Salud Mental, Evaluación de la Calidad de Vida, Escala de Impacto de la Actividad Laboral y Usabilidad de la intervención. La versión preliminar de la intervención se inspiró en los principios de Alfabetización en Salud Mental y la literatura sobre Salud Mental en la Escuela. Los expertos indicaron calidad, relevancia y funcionalidad. Los resultados del estudio piloto, en cuanto a la aplicabilidad y utilidad de la intervención, mostraron que hubo un aumento en el conocimiento sobre salud mental y habilidades para la resolución de problemas cotidianos. La propuesta pretende atender a los profesionales del campo de la Educación y la Psicología, y también a la investigación de los efectos de las intervenciones psicosociales en la salud mental.
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