Social and Emotional Indicators of the Autism Spectrum in Individuals with Williams Syndrome
Main Article Content
Abstract
Williams Syndrome (WS) is a genetic disorder caused by the deletion of multiple genes on chromosome 7. Clinical evidence points to socio?emotional alterations compatible with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The goal of this study was to identify socio?emotional and behavioral signs compatible with ASD in individuals with WS. The sample consisted of 30 individuals with WS and 22 with ASD. The data collection instru ments were Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC); and Autism Screening Questionnaire (ASQ) that were answered by the caregivers. We conducted a discriminant analysis (Step Wise) to differentiate the groups from items of the ABC and ASQ inventories. The WS group showed a large number of signs of socio?emotional, communicative and behavioral alterations compatible with Autism that prevailed at the age of four to five years.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright to articles published in The Journal Of Psychology: Theory and Practice belongs to the authors, who grant Mackenzie Presbyterian University the not exclusive rights to publish the content.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2014). Manual diagnóstico e estatístico de transtornos mentais‑DSM 5. Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Brentani, H., De Paula, C. S., Bordin, D., Rolim, D., Sato, F., Portolese, J., & Mccracken, J. T. (2013). Autism spectrum disorders: An overview on diagnosis and treatment. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 35, 62‑72.
Crespi, B. J., & Hurd, P. L. (2014). Cognitive‑behavioral phenotypes of Williams syndrome are associated with genetic variation in the GTF2I gene, in a healthy population. BMC Neurosci, 15, 127.
D’Souza, D., Cole, V., Farran, K. E., Brown, H. J., Humphreys, K., Howard, J., Rodic, M., Dekker, M. T., D’Souza, H., & Karmiloff‑Smith, A. (2015). Face processing in Williams syndrome is already atypical in infancy. Frontiers in Psychology, 6(760), 1‑9.
Edelmann, L., Prosnitz, A., Pardo, S., Bhatt, J., Cohen, N., Lauriat, T., & Mcinnes, L.A. (2007). An atypical deletion of the Williams-Beuren syndrome interval implicates genes associated with defective visuospatial processing and autism. Journal of Medical Genetics, 44(2), 136‑143.
Egger, J. I., Wingbermühle, E., Verhoeven, W., Dijkman, M., Radke, S., De Bruijn, E. R., & Koolen, D. (2013). Hypersociability in the behavioral phenotype of 17q21. 31 microdeletion syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part A, 161(1), 21‑26.
Garayzábal‑Heinze, E., Osório, A., Villaverde, M. L., & Sampaio, A. (2014). Concrete and relational vocabulary: Comparison between Williams and Smith‑Magenis syndromes. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35, 3365‑3371.
Hahn, L. J., Fidler, D. J., & Hepburn, S. L. (2014). Adaptive behavior and problem behavior in young children with Williams syndrome. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 119(1), 49‑63.
Honjo, R. S. (2012). Detecção da microdeleção 7q11.23 por MLPA e estudo clínico dos pacientes com síndrome de Williams‑Beuren. Tese de doutorado, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Programa de Pediatria, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Isaac, L., & Lincoln, A. (2011). Featural versus configural face processing in a rare genetic disorder: Williams syndrome. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 55(11), 1034‑1042.
Janes, E., Riby, D. M., & Rodgers, J. (2014). Exploring the prevalence and phenomenology of repetitive behaviours and abnormal sensory processing in children with Williams Syndrome. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 58, 746‑757.
Järvinen, A., & Bellugi, U. (2014). Toward a deeper characterization of the social phenotype of Williams syndrome: The association between personality and social drive. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(8), 1838‑1849.
Järvinen, A., Korenberg, J. R., & Bellugi, U. (2013). The Social Phenotype of Williams Syndrome. Current Opinion Neurobiology, 23(3), 414‑422.
Karmiloff‑Smith, A., Broadbent, H., Farran, E. K., Longhi, E., D’souza, D., Metcalfe, K., & Sansbury, F. (2012). Social cognition in Williams syndrome: genotype/phenotype insights from partial deletion patients. Frontiers in Psychology, 30(3), 168.
Klaiman, C., Fernandez‑Carriba, S., & Hall, C. (2015). Assessment of autismo Across the Lifespan: A Way Forward. Current Developmental Disorder Report, 2, 84‑98.
Laros, J. A., Tellegen, P. J., Jesus, G. R., de, & Karino, C. A. (2015). SON‑R 2½‑7[a], Teste não‑verbal de inteligência. Manual com normatização e validação brasileira. São Paulo: Editora CETEPP.
Leyfer, O. T., Woodruff‑Borden, J., Klein‑Tasman, B. P., Fricke, J. S., & Mervis, C. B. (2006). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in 4 to 16 years‑olds with Williams syndrome. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 141(6), 615‑622.
Marteleto, M. R. F., & Pedromônico, M. R. M. (2005). Validade do inventário de comportamentos autísticos (ICA): estudo preliminar. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 27(4), 295‑301.
Mervis, C. B., & John, A. E. (2010). Cognitive and behavioral characteristics of children with Williams syndrome: Implications for intervention approaches. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics, 154(2), 229‑248.
Mervis, C. B., Klein‑Tasman, B. P., Huffman, M. J., Velleman, S. L., Pitts, C. H., Henderson, D. R., Woodruff‑Borden, J., Morris, C. A., & Osborne, L. R. (2015). Children with 7q11.23 duplication syndrome: Psychological characteristics. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, 167(7), 1436‑1450.
Nikitina, E. A., Medvedeva, A. V., Zakharov, G. A., & Savvateeva‑Popova, E. V. (2014). Williams syndrome as a model for elucidation of the pathway genes ‑ the brain ‑ cognitive functions: genetics and epigenetics. Acta Naturae, 6(1), 9‑22.
Nunes, M. M., Honjo, R. S., Dutra, R. L., Amaral, V. A. S., Oh, H. K., Bertola, D. R., Albano, L. M. J., Assumpção Junior, F. B., & Kim, C. A. (2011). High frequency of autistic traits in Williams‑Beuren patients. Pediatria, 33, 81‑88.
Nunes, M. M., Honjo, R. S., Dutra, R. L., Amaral, V. S., Oh, H. K., Bertola, D. R., Albano, L. M. J., Assumpção, J. F. B., Kim, C. A., & Teixeira, M. C. T. V. (2013). Spatial abilities in children and adults with Williams syndrome. Universita Psychologica, 12(2), 581‑589.
Osório, A., Sampaio, A., Regueiro, R. M., Heinze, E. G., Carracedo, A., & Prieto, M. F. (2015). Autism spectrum symptoms in Smith‑Magenis syndrome and Williams syndrome: comparisons and contrasts. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 61(1), 49‑55
Rogers, S. J., & Dawson, G. (2010). Intervenção precoce em crianças com Autismo. Lisboa: Lidel – Edições Técnicas.
Sato, F. P., Paula, C. S., Lowenthal, R., Nakano, E. Y., Brunoni, D., Schwartzman, J. S., & Mercadante, M. T. (2009). Instrument to screen cases of pervasive developmental disorder: a preliminary indication of validity. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 31(1), 30‑33.
Teixeira, M. C. T. V., Carreiro, L. R. R., Mesquita, M. L. G., Khoury, L. P., & Araújo, M. V. (2012). Mood Disorders in individuals with genetic syndromes and intellectual disability. In M. Juruena. Clinical, research and treatment approaches to affective disorders (pp. 49‑72), Croatia: In Tech.
Teixeira, M. C. T. V., Monteiro, C. R. C., Velloso, R. D. L., Kim, C., & Carreiro, L. R. R. (2010). Behavioral and cognitive phenotype of children and adolescents with Williams‑Beuren Syndrome. Pró‑Fono Revista de Atualização Científica, 22(3), 215‑220.
Van Der Fluit, F., Gaffrey, M. S., & Klein‑Tasman, B. P. (2012). Social cognition in Williams syndrome: relations between performance on the social attribution task and cognitive and behavioral characteristics. Front Psychol., 3, 197.
Waite, J., Heald, M., Wilde, L., Woodcock, K., Welham, A., Adams, D., & Oliver, C. (2014). The importance of understanding the behavioural phenotypes of genetic syndromes associated with intellectual disability. Pediatrics and Child Health, 24(10), 1‑5.
Wechsler, D. (1997). Wechsler adult intelligence scale. (WAIS‑III). San Antonio, Tex: Harcourt Assessment.
Wechsler, D. (2002). Escala de Inteligência de Wechsler para Crianças. [Manual]. Lisboa: Cegoc.