Eficácia de Intervenções para Depressão em Estudantes Universitários: Uma Revisão Sistemática
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Este estudo aborda a crescente crise de depressão em jovens, com prevalência notável em estudantes universitários que não recebem tratamento adequado. Tendo isso em vista, o objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a eficácia das intervenções em saúde mental com foco na melhora da depressão em universitários. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura para identificar pesquisas avaliando esses tratamentos nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed, PsycInfo e Scielo, no período de 2018 a 2023. Foram incluídos 13 artigos com pesquisas realizadas em diversos países, totalizando 939 participantes com idade média homogênea de 19,7 ± 2,98 a 24,21 ± 5,21. Entre as intervenções, 61,5% seguiram abordagens provenientes da terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC), 77% foram realizadas no formato presencial e 53% foram em grupo. De 13 estudos, 12 demonstraram eficácia por meio da significância estatística “p”, considerando p < 0,05, comparando grupos tratamento e controle. Embora o pequeno tamanho das amostras possa limitar a generalização, os resultados encontrados sugerem a recomendação dessas intervenções. Outros estudos precisam ser realizados considerando as limitações encontradas e a diversidade cultural, além de visar à implementação de intervenções a longo prazo.
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