Efectos de una Intervención de Mindfulness Online Sobre Los Niveles de Ansiedad de Profesores de Educación Básica: Ensayo Aleatorizado
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El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia y el efecto sostenido (seguimiento) de una intervención breve, asincrónica, de mindfulness y autocompasión, con una duración de cuatro semanas, en la reducción de los niveles de ansiedad, estrés y depresión en profesores de educación básica. La intervención se realizó a través de la aplicación Neurosaúde, desarrollada como parte de este trabajo para servir de plataforma para la intervención. Todas las etapas del estudio se llevaron a cabo en un entorno virtual, con treinta participantes asignados aleatoriamente al grupo de intervención o al grupo de control en lista de espera. Se aplicaron medidas para evaluar los niveles de mindfulness, autocompasión, ansiedad, estrés y depresión en los momentos pre-intervención, post-intervención y en el seguimiento de 4 semanas. El análisis ANOVA reveló una diferencia significativa en las comparaciones entre el tiempo y el grupo, con un tamaño de efecto grande (F(2, 26) = 5,316; p = 0,012; η2 = 0,290). Los análisis de comparaciones múltiples (Pairwise) indicaron que esta diferencia se encontraba entre el periodo pre-intervención (M = 3,14; DE = 1,67) y post-intervención (M = 1,55; DE = 1,49) para el grupo de intervención, lo que sugiere que la intervención logró reducir significativamente (p = 0,022) los niveles de ansiedad en este grupo. Además, el estudio proporcionó valiosos conocimientos sobre el contexto de los profesores de educación básica y contribuyó al desarrollo de estrategias de participación para futuras investigaciones con esta población, así como importantes ideas sobre la realización de estudios en línea.
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