Personality and temperament instruments in childhood and adolescence: a systematic review and text mining
Main Article Content
Abstract
The study of personality traits and temperament in children and adolescents has been a relevant topic in the last two decades. One of the main challenges is related to how to measure these traits. This study aimed to conduct a systematic literature review to understand how personality traits and temperament are assessed in childhood and adolescence. In addition, text mining techniques were employed to analyze the items of the questionnaires found. The search was conducted on the following electronic literature databases: APA, Scopus, Pubmed, Web of Science, and BVS. Studies with evidence of internal structure validity for personality and temperament questionnaires for individuals aged 6 to 17 were included. Only samples with typical development were considered. Historical trends suggesting the use of personality traits in more recent studies were observed. Overall, the most commonly used model for personality was the five-factor model, and for temperament, the three-dimensional model. The most common terms for personality traits and their patterns of co-occurrence were identified. The results obtained can assist in identifying the most common themes for assessing traits in children and adolescents. Consequently, instrument construction studies can attempt to maintain comparability with the literature or explore the evaluation of less explored characteristics.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright to articles published in The Journal Of Psychology: Theory and Practice belongs to the authors, who grant Mackenzie Presbyterian University the not exclusive rights to publish the content.
References
Bradburn, N. M., Sudman, S., & Wansink, B. (2004). Asking questions: the definitive guide to questionnaire design--for market research, political polls, and social and health questionnaires. John Wiley & Sons.
Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (2019). Constructing validity: New developments in creating objective measuring instruments. Psychological Assessment, 31(12), 1412–1427. https://doi.org/10.1037/PAS0000626
De Fruyt, F., & Karevold, E. B. (2021). Personality in adolescence. In Handbook of personality: Theory and research, 4th ed. (pp. 303–321). The Guilford Press.
De Pauw, S. S. W. (2017). Childhood Personality and Temperament. In T. A. Widiger (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of the Five Factor Model (Vol. 1). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199352487.013.21
De Raad, B., & Mlačić, B. (2017). The Lexical Foundation of the Big Five Factor Model. In The Oxford Handbook of the Five Factor Model (Vol. 1, Issue January, pp. 191–216). https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2017-30849-010
Downs, S. H., & Black, N. (1998). The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 52(6), 377–384. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.52.6.377
Duch, H., Fisher, E. M., Ensari, I., & Harrington, A. (2013). Screen time use in children under 3 years old: A systematic review of correlates. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-102
John, O. P. (2021). History, Measurement, and Conceptual Elaboration of the Big-Five Trait Taxonomy. In O. P. John & R. W. Robins (Eds.), Handbook of personality:Theory and Research (4th ed.). Guilford Press.
Kao, A., & Poteet, S. R. (2007). Natural language processing and text mining. Natural Language Processing and Text Mining, 1–265. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-754-1/COVER
Lenzner, T. (2012). Effects of Survey Question Comprehensibility on Response Quality. Field Methods, 24(4), 409–428. https://doi.org/10.1177/1525822X12448166
Maćkiewicz, M., Cieciuch, J., Mackiewicz, M., & Cieciuch, J. (2016). Pictorial Personality Traits Questionnaire for Children (PPTQ-C)-a new measure of children’s personality traits. Frontiers in Psychology, 7(APR), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00498
Martins, P. S. R., Alves, J. M., Vital, V. H. do P., Amorim, L. da S., & Mansur-Alves, M. (2024). Revisão sistemática de instrumentos de personalidade usando o big-five em crianças. Cadernos de Psicologia, 4(1), 24–24. https://doi.org/10.9788/CP2024.1-04
McCrae, R. R., Costa, P. T., & Martin, T. A. (2005). The NEO-PI-3: a more readable revised NEO Personality Inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 84(3), 261–270. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327752JPA8403_05
Mõttus, R., Wood, D., Condon, D. M., Back, M. D., Baumert, A., Costantini, G., Epskamp, S., Greiff, S., Johnson, W., Lukaszewski, A., Murray, A., Revelle, W., Wright, A. G. C., Yarkoni, T., Ziegler, M., & Zimmermann, J. (2020). Descriptive, Predictive and Explanatory Personality Research: Different Goals, Different Approaches, but a Shared Need to Move Beyond the Big Few Traits. European Journal of Personality, 34(6), 1175–1201. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2311
Ortet, G., Mezquita, L., Morizot, J., Ortet-Walker, J., & Ibáñez, M. I. (2022). Assessment of “los Pequeños” Big Five: The Spanish Version of the Big Five Personality Trait Short Questionnaire in Adolescents. Psychological Assessment, 34(5), 32–44. https://doi.org/10.1037/PAS0001119
Peralta, Y., Aguilar-Rodriguez, A., González Dávila, O., & Miranda, A. (2021). Dimensionality and Reliability Assessment of a Field Implementation of the Big Five in Mexican Children. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 39(5), 579–592. https://doi.org/10.1177/07342829211002581
Peres, A. J. S. (2021). Processamento da linguagem natural: Modelagem de tópicos. In C. Faiad, M. N. Baptista, & R. Primi (Eds.), Tutoriais em análise de dados aplicados a psicometria (1st ed., pp. 436–459). Vozes.
Rammstedt, B., Roemer, L., Danner, D., & Lechner, C. M. (2022). Don’t Keep It Too Simple: Simplified Items Do Not Improve Measurement Quality. European Journal of Psychological Assessment. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000741
Roberts, B. W., & Yoon, H. J. (2022). Personality Psychology. Annual Review of Psychology, 73, 489–516. https://doi.org/10.1146/ANNUREV-PSYCH-020821-114927
Robinson, D., & Silge, J. (2022). widyr: Widen, Process, then Re-Tidy Data. https://cran.r-project.org/package=widyr
Shiner, R. L. (2015). The development of temperament and personality traits in childhood and adolescence. In APA handbook of personality and social psychology, Volume 4: Personality processes and individual differences. (pp. 85–105). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14343-004
Shiner, R. L., & DeYoung, C. G. (2013). The Structure of Temperament and Personality Traits. In P. D. Zelazo (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Developmental Psychology: Vol. 2: Self an (pp. 1–56). Oxford Handbooks Online. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199958474.013.0006
Shiner, R. L., Soto, C. J., & De Fruyt, F. (2021). Personality Assessment of Children and Adolescents. Annual Review of Developmental Psychology, 3(1), 113–137. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-devpsych-050620-114343
Silge, J., & Robinson, D. (2016). tidytext: Text Mining and Analysis Using Tidy Data Principles in R. Journal of Open Source Software, 1(3), 37. https://doi.org/10.21105/JOSS.00037
Silge, J., & Robinson, D. (2017). Basic Text Mining with R (Issue June). O’Reilly. https://www.tidytextmining.com/index.html
Slobodskaya, H. R. (2021). Personality development from early childhood through adolescence. Personality and Individual Differences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110596
Soto, C. J., & John, O. P. (2014). Traits in Transition: The Structure of Parent-Reported Personality Traits from Early Childhood to Early Adulthood. Journal of Personality, 82(3), 182–199. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12044
Soto, C. J., John, O. P., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2011). Age differences in personality traits from 10 to 65: Big Five domains and facets in a large cross-sectional sample. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(2), 330–348. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021717
Suh, H., Kim, S., & Lee, D. G. (2021). Review of Perfectionism Research From 1990 to 2019 Utilizing a Text-Mining Approach. Review of General Psychology, 25(3), 283–303. https://doi.org/10.1177/10892680211018827
Tackett, J. L., Hernandez, M., & Eisenberg, N. (2019). Agreeableness. In D. P. McAdams, R. L. Shiner, & J. L. Tackett (Eds.), Handbook of personality development (pp. 171-185 BT-). The Guilford Press.
Tackett, J. L., Slobodskaya, H. R., Mar, R. A., Deal, J., Halverson, C. F., Baker, S. R., Pavlopoulos, V., & Besevegis, E. (2012). The hierarchical structure of childhood personality in five countries: continuity from early childhood to early adolescence. Journal of Personality, 80(4), 847–879. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1467-6494.2011.00748.X
Tay, L., Woo, S. E., Hickman, L., & Saef, R. M. (2020). Psychometric and Validity Issues in Machine Learning Approaches to Personality Assessment: A Focus on Social Media Text Mining. European Journal of Personality, 34(5), 826–844. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2290
Tetzner, J., Becker, M., & Bihler, L.-M. (2022). Personality development in adolescence: Examining big five trait trajectories in differential learning environments. European Journal of Personality. https://doi.org/10.1177/08902070221121178
Zeferino, G. G., Antônio, M., Alvarenga, S., & Aparecida Da Silva, M. (2024). Relação entre diferenças individuais de personalidade e agressividade em torcedores de futebol: Revista Psicologia Em Pesquisa, 18(3), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.34019/1982-1247.2024.V18.36205