Efeitos da Atenção Plena Sobre a Impulsividade e a Tolerância ao Atraso da Gratificação: Um Estudo Piloto
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Este estudo investigou os efeitos de uma intervenção baseada na atenção plena sobre a impulsividade e a tolerância ao atraso do reforçador de pré-escolares. O delineamento foi quase-experimental com pré e pós-teste. Participaram 22 crianças de 4 a 5 anos, seus principais cuidadores e professoras. Os participantes foram separados em dois grupos: intervenção (n = 11) e comparação (n = 11). Uma escala padronizada mediu a impulsividade e duas tarefas executadas pelas crianças avaliaram a tolerância ao atraso do reforçador. A intervenção teve 26 sessões com atividades de atenção plena implementadas em grupos pequenos na escola. As práticas incluíram atenção plena à respiração e ao corpo, entre outras. As análises de dados foram realizadas por meio de estatística descritiva, análise de covariância e ANOVA de modelos mistos (2x2). Os resultados mostraram que a prática de atenção plena reduziu a impulsividade das crianças, de acordo com o relato das professoras. A atenção plena reduz a impulsividade em sala de aula; deve ser praticada em casa para que efeitos similares sejam alcançados.
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