Procrastinação Acadêmica em Estudantes Universitários: Uma Revisão de Escopo
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A procrastinação acadêmica (PA) descreve a tendência ao atraso em iniciar ou concluir tarefas, tais como leituras e exames. As pesquisas abarcam áreas diversas, entretanto a literatura carece de estudos que delimitem suas especificidades. O presente estudo teve por objetivo conduzir uma revisão de escopo para mapear as principais características das pesquisas empíricas acerca da PA em estudantes universitários nos últimos cinco anos. A revisão foi conduzida seguindo as diretrizes do protocolo PRISMA adaptado para revisões de escopo (PRISMA-ScR). O levantamento de dados ocorreu via Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), SciVerse Scopus, Catálogo de Teses e dissertações da Capes e Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Ao final, 91 estudos (88 artigos e três dissertações) foram incluídos. Os resultados indicaram predominância de pesquisas descritivas ou exploratórias, com amostragem por conveniência, com maior concentração no continente asiático. A análise temática evidenciou os principais temas de estudo: (i) Avaliação e intervenção, (ii) Aspectos cognitivos, comportamentais e fisiológicos, (iii) Aspectos afetivos e pessoais, (iv) Aspectos institucionais e contextuais. A PA ocorre em diferentes países e traz consequências significativas para a qualidade de vida, desempenho acadêmico e futuro profissional dos estudantes. Para direcionamentos futuros, estudos experimentais e longitudinais que investigam estratégias de intervenção e aspectos contextuais podem ser realizados para melhor compreensão do fenômeno.
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