Tareas Delayed Matching-To-Sample En Formato Remoto En Personas Con Retraso En El Desarrollo: Una Replicácion Sistemática

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Isabela de Oliveira Teixeira
Lidia M. M. Postalli

Resumen

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar el efecto de diferentes tiempos de retardo en tareas de discriminación condicional, identitaria y arbitraria, en participantes con discapacidad intelectual y TEA, aplicados a distancia, y evaluar si las contingencias de claves para realizar conductas precurrentes (cuan[1]do sea necesario) fueron relevantes para el desempeño en tareas de emparejamiento con el modelo retrasado. Participaron dos jóvenes/adultos con discapacidad intelectual y cuatro niños con TEA. El procedimiento consistió en enseñar relaciones de identidad a través de pruebas matching-to-sample y delayed matching-to-sample de 0, 2, 4, 6, y 8 segundos; estos mismos pasos se emplearon con las relaciones arbitrarias. Si el participante rendía por debajo del 80% de aciertos en las pruebas, realizaba las tareas DMTS, con refuerzo diferencial, y/o con indicación oral y/o denominación, respectivamente. Al final del procedimiento, se preguntó sobre las estrategias utilizadas en las tareas de DMTS. Seis participantes presentaron desempeños precisos tanto en el entrenamiento como en las pruebas de identidade condicional y discriminación arbitraria. Dos participantes con discapacidad intelectual requirieron un procedimiento adicional para establecer relaciones arbitrarias. En cuanto a las conductas precurrentes, los resultados sugieren que eran relevantes para la conducta de recuerdo requerida en las tareas experimentales. Los resultados mostraron una disminución en el rendimiento debido al aumento de la demora, especialmente para los participantes con discapacidad intelectual. Los estudios futuros deberían ampliar la investigación de recordar y el comportamiento precurrente, en tareas de DMTS, con el público con retraso en el desarrollo.

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Psicología y Educación

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