El Impacto de los Trastornos de Ansiedad en la Calidad de Vida de las Personas con TEA: Una Revisión Narrativa
Palabras clave:
Transtorno del espectro autista, Transtornos de Ansiedad, Calidad de vida, Comorbilidades psiquiátricas, Salud mentalResumen
Los trastornos de ansiedad se caracterizan por miedo y ansiedad excesivos y trastornos conductuales relacionados. Se diferencian entre sí, a partir de los objetos o situaciones que inducen ansiedad. Los trastornos de ansiedad representan la comorbilidad más frecuente, con una tasa de prevalencia del 27 % para adultos con TEA y del 42 % para cualquier trastorno de ansiedad. El Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) es una condición caracterizada como un trastorno del neurodesarrollo, que abarca deficiencias persistentes en la comunicación y la interacción social, y también puede presentar cam[1]bios en el procesamiento sensorial. Estas y otras características limitan o deterioran el funcionamiento diario, y cuando la ansiedad comórbida con el TEA aumenta significativamente las dificultades en las respuestas adap[1]tativas, disminuye la calidad de vida y acentúa problemas como inquietud, pasividad, aislamiento social, agresividad, irritabilidad o autolesiones. Por lo tanto, este estudio tiene como objetivo revisar el impacto en la calidad de vida de las personas diagnosticadas con trastorno del espectro autista y trastornos de ansiedad concomitantemente. La metodología utilizada fue una revisión narrativa de la literatura, realizada a través de búsquedas en la base de datos electrónica PubMed. Los resultados destacan la importan[1]cia y necesidad de realizar más investigaciones específicamente con adultos jóvenes diagnosticados con TEA, que puedan contribuir al desarrollo de intervenciones para actuar con el fin de prevenir el empeoramiento de los síntomas, así como para reducir los daños en la vida de estas personas y, como resultado, mejorar la calidad de vida.
Descargas
Citas
ADAMS, D.; CLARK, M.; KEEN, D. Using self-report to explore the relationship between anxiety and quality of life in children on the autism spectrum. Autism Research, Inter national Society for Autism Research, v. 12, n. 10, p. 1505-1515, 2019. DOI 10.1002/aur.2155
ADAMS, D.; CLARK, M.; SIMPSON, K. The relationship between child anxiety and the quality of life of children, and parents of children, on the autism spectrum. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v. 50, p. 1756-1769, 2020. DOI 10.1007/s10803- 019-03932-2
AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION. Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Trans tornos Mentais: DSM-5-TR. 5. ed., texto revisado. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2023.
BEECHAM, J. Annual research review: child and adolescent mental health interven tions: a review of progress in economic studies across different disorders. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, v. 55, n. 6, p. 714-732, 2014. DOI 10.1111/jcpp.12216
BERNIER, R. A.; DAWSON, G.; NIGG, J. T. O que a ciência nos diz sobre o transtorno do espectro autista: fazendo as escolhas certas para o seu filho. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2021.
BEVAN, J. L.; GOMEZ, R.; SPARKS, L. Disclosures about important life events on Facebook: relationships with stress and quality of life. Computers in Human Behavior, v. 39, p. 246-253, 2014. DOI 10.1016/j.chb.2014.07.021
BITSIKA, V. et al. Prevalence, structure and correlates of anxiety-depression in boys with an autism spectrum disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, v. 49-50, p. 302-311, 2016. DOI 10.1016/j.ridd.2015.11.011
CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION. Prevalence and characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder among children aged 8 years – Autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 Sites, United States, 2020. Surveillance Summaries, v. 72, n. 2, p. 1-14, 2023.
CHIANG, H.-M.; WINEMAN, I. Factors associated with quality of life in individuals with autism spectrum disorders: a review of literature. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, v. 8, n. 8, p. 974-986, 2014. DOI 10.1016/j.rasd.2014.05.003
CRANE, L. et al. “Something needs to change”: Mental health experiences of young autistic adults in England. Autism, v. 23, n. 2, p. 477-493, 2019. DOI 10.1177/1362361318757048
DEADY, M. et al. The impact of depression, anxiety and comorbidity on occupational outcomes. Occupational Medicine, London, v. 72, n. 1, p. 17-24, 2022. DOI 10.1093/occmed/kqab142
DEFILIPPIS, M. Depression in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Children, v. 5, n. 9, p. 1-9, 2018. DOI 10.3390/children5090112
DELLAPIAZZA, F. et al. Early risk factors for anxiety disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders: results from the ELENA Cohort. Scientific Reports, v. 12, p. 1-8, 2022. DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-15165-y
DEMARTINI, J.; PATEL, G.; FANCHER, T. L. Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Annals of Internal Medicine, v. 170, n. 7, p. ITC49-ITC64, 2019. DOI 10.7326/aitc201904020
FITZPATRICK, S. E. et al. Aggression in autism spectrum disorder: presentation and treatment options. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, n. 12, p. 1525-1538, 2016. DOI 10.2147/NDT.S84585
FORBES, G. et al. How do autistic people fare in adult life and can we predict it from childhood? Autism Research, International Society for Autism Research, v. 16, n. 2, p. 458-473, 2023. DOI 10.1002/aur.2868
GAIGG, S. B. et al. Self-guided mindfulness and cognitive behavioural practices reduce anxiety in autistic adults: a pilot 8-month waitlist-controlled trial of widely available online tools. Autism, v. 24, n. 4, p. 867-883, 2020. DOI 10.1177/1362361320909184
GIACOBBE, P.; FLINT, A. Diagnosis and management of anxiety disorders. Continuum, Minneapolis, v. 24, n. 3, p. 893-919, 2018. DOI 10.1212/CON.0000000000000607
HOLLOCKS, M. et al. Anxiety and depression in adults with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, v. 49, n. 4, p. 1-14, 2018. DOI 10.1017/S0033291718002283
KILBURN, T. R. et al. Group-based cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorder in children with autism spectrum disorder: a feasibility study. Nordic Journal of Psy chiatry, v. 73, n. 4-5, p. 273-280, 2019. DOI 10.1080/08039488.2019.1622153
KILBURN, T. R. et al. Rationale and design for cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders in children with autism spectrum disorder: a study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. Trials, v. 19, p. 1-11, 2018. DOI 10.1186/s13063-018-2591-x
LANGDON, P. E. et al. Asperger syndrome and anxiety disorders (PAsSA) treatment trial: a study protocol of a pilot, multicentre, single-blind, randomised crossover trial of group cognitive behavioural therapy. BMJ Open, v. 3, n. 7, p. 1-6, 2013. DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003449
LAWSON, L. P. et al. Cross-sectional and longitudinal predictors of quality of life in autistic individuals from adolescence to adulthood: the role of mental health and sleep quality. Autism, v. 24, n. 4, p. 954-967, 2020. DOI 10.1177/1362361320908107
LIN, L.-Y.; HUANG, P.-C. Quality of life and its related factors for adults with autism spectrum disorder. Disability and Rehabilitation, v. 41, n. 8, p. 896-903, 2019. DOI 10.1080/09638288.2017.1414887
MADDOX, B. B.; GAUS, V. L. Community mental health services for autistic adults: good news and bad news. Autism in Adulthood: Challenges and Management, v. 1, n. 1, p. 15-19, 2019. DOI 10.1089/aut.2018.0006
MANGOLINI, V. I.; ANDRADE, L. H.; WANG, Y.-P. Epidemiologia dos transtornos de ansiedade em regiões do Brasil: uma revisão de literatura. Revista de Medicina, São Paulo, v. 98, n. 6, p. 415-422, 2019. DOI 10.11606/issn.1679-9836.v98i6p415-422
MASON, D. et al. Quality of life for older autistic people: the impact of mental health difficulties. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, v. 63, p. 13-22, 2019. DOI 10.1016/j. rasd.2019.02.007
MIRANDA, P. O. de; VASCONCELOS, S. P. Mental and behavioral disorders and sick ness-absenteeism among federal civil servants. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Tra balho, v. 20, n. 4, p. 599-607, 2022. DOI 10.47626/1679-4435-2022-800
MORETTO, G. et al. Interferência do meio comunicativo da criança com transtorno do espectro do autismo na qualidade de vida de suas mães. Codas, v. 32, n. 6, 2020. DOI 10.1590/2317-1782/20202019170
PARK, S. H. et al. Disability, functioning, and quality of life among treatment-seeking young autistic adults and its relation to depression, anxiety, and stress. Autism, v. 23, n. 7, p. 1675-1686, 2019. DOI 10.1177/1362361318823925
PARR, J. R. et al. Treating anxiety in autistic adults: study protocol for the Personalised Anxiety Treatment-Autism (PAT-A©) pilot randomised controlled feasibility trial. Trials, v. 21, p. 1-14, 2020. DOI 10.1186/s13063-020-4161-2
PAULA, C. S. et al. Autism in Brazil: perspectives from science and society. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, v. 57, n. 1, p. 2-5, 2011. DOI 10.1590/S0104- 42302011000100002
PEREIRA, E.; TEIXEIRA, C.; SANTOS, A. Qualidade de vida: abordagens, conceitos e avaliação. Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte, São Paulo, v. 26, n. 2, p. 241-250, abr./jun. 2012. DOI 10.1590/S1807-55092012000200007
RIBEIRO, H. K. P. et al. Transtornos de ansiedade como causa de afastamentos laborais. Revista Brasileira de Saúde Ocupacional, n. 44, p. 1-8, 2019. DOI 10.1590/2317- 6369000021417
SADOCK, B. J.; SADOCK, V. A.; RUIZ, P. Compêndio de psiquiatria: ciência do compor tamento e psiquiatria clínica. 11. ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2017.
SANTANA, L. de. et al. Absenteísmo por transtornos mentais em trabalhadores de saúde em um hospital no sul do Brasil. Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem, v. 37, n. 1, p. 1-8, 2016. DOI 10.1590/1983-1447.2016.01.53485
SCHILTZ, H. K. et al. The role of loneliness as a mediator between autism features and mental health among autistic young adults. Autism, v. 25, n. 2, p. 545-555, 2020. DOI 10.1177/1362361320967789
SIMONOFF, E. et al. Psychiatric disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders: prevalence, comorbidity, and associated factors in a population-derived sample. Jour nal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, v. 47, n. 8, p. 921-929, 2008. DOI 10.1097/chi.0b013e318179964f
SMITH, I. C.; OLLENDICK, T. H.; WHITE, S. W. Anxiety moderates the influence of ASD severity on quality of life in adults with ASD. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, v. 62, p. 39-47, 2019. DOI 10.1016/j.rasd.2019.03.001
SZUHANY, K. L.; SIMON, N. M. Anxiety disorders: a review. JAMA, v. 328, n. 24, p. 2431-2445, 2022. DOI 10.1001/jama.2022.22744
TARVER, J. et al. Anxiety in autistic individuals who speak few or no words: a quali tative study of parental experience and anxiety management. Autism, v. 25, n. 2, p. 429-439, 2021. DOI 10.1177/1362361320962366
THE WHOQOL GROUP. The development of the World Health Organization quality of life assessment instrument (the WHOQOL). In: ORLEY, J.; KUYKEN, W. (eds.). Quality of life assessment: international perspectives. Heidelberg: Springer Verlag, 1994. p. 41-60.
TREVISAN, R. L. et al. Prevalência de transtornos do humor e de ansiedade em servi dores públicos afastados. Psicologia em Pesquisa, Juiz de Fora, v. 13, n. 2, p. 61-80, ago. 2019. DOI 10.34019/1982-1247.2019.v13.23845
ULJAREVIĆ, M. et al. Anxiety and depression from adolescence to old age in autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v. 50, p. 3155-3165, 2019. DOI 10.1007/s10803-019-04084-z
VAN STEENSEL, F. J. A.; BÖGELS, S. M. CBT for anxiety disorders in children with and without autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, v. 83, n. 3, p. 512-523, 2015. DOI 10.1037/a0039108
VINCENT, A. et al. The quality of life and the future of young adults with Asperger syndrome. Disability and Rehabilitation, v. 42, n. 14, p. 1987-1994, 2020. DOI 10.1080/09638288.2018.1544297
WHITE, S. W. et al. Psychosocial treatments targeting anxiety and depression in ado lescents and adults on the autism spectrum: review of the latest research and recomemended future directions. Current Psychiatry Reports, v. 20, p. 1-10, 2018. DOI 10.1007/s11920-018-0949-0
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. Depression and other common mental disorders: global health estimates. Genebra: WHO, 2017.
YOO, S. et al. The impact of caregiver’s role preference on decisional conflicts and psychiatric distresses in decision making to help caregiver’s disclosure of terminal disease status. Quality of Life Research, v. 28, p. 1571-1581, 2018. DOI 10.1007/ s11136-019-02124-w
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Cuadernos de Posgrado en Trastornos del Desarrollo
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
