¿Lo que la Inteligencia Predice: Las Diferencias Individuales o las Diferencias em el Desarrollo Académico?

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Cristiano Mauro Assis Gomes
Hudson Fernandes Golino

Resumen

La psicometría ha centrado en el papel de la inteligencia para explicar las diferencias individuales (DI) en el rendimiento académico. Este artículo cuestiona este enfoque y se investiga el papel predictivo de la inteligencia fluida (Gf) en las diferencias de desarrollo (DD) del rendimiento escolar (DD). Se analizaron datos de 684 estudiantes de sexto grado de primaria hasta el tercer año secundario de una escuela privada en Belo Horizonte. LoS DI se midieron a través de la igualación anual de notas en matemáticas, portugués, geografía
e historia. El DD se mide por el procedimiento de vertical scaling de matemáticas y portugués de los años primarios, y matemáticas de los años de secundaria. Gf se midió por el Ctif. Se ha generado un modelo a través de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales con Gf a explicar los DIs y los DDs. El modelo mostró un grado adecuado de ajuste a los datos. Los resultados indican que Gf directamente sólo explica las diferencias de desarrollo. Se discuten las implicaciones para el campo psicométrico.

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