Tratamento de Fobia Específica por Dessensibilização e Reprocessamento Por Meio dos Movimentos Oculares
Conteúdo do artigo principal
Resumo
A fobia específica é caracterizada pela presença de um medo persistente e recorrente que é excessivo e irracional a um objeto ou situação específica que desencadeia uma forte reação de ansiedade. Diversos estudos têm sido realizados com intuito de avaliar a eficácia da dessensibilização e reprocessamento através dos movimentos oculares (EMDR), e tem sido comprovado que é um método bem-sucedido para tratamento de fobia específica, ansiedade, depressão, traumas e queixas somáticas. O caso do presente artigo descreve o trabalho terapêutico realizado com uma mulher de 42 anos com fobia a próteses dentárias através da intervenção EMDR. No final da intervenção, a paciente perdeu o medo às próteses, já não revelando respostas de ansiedade e de desconforto, mantendo-se estável durante o período de follow-up, um mês após a intervenção. Esses resultados repercutiram-se na melhoria da sua qualidade de vida, ao nível da sua vida pessoal, social e profissional.
Downloads
Detalhes do artigo
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Os direitos autorais dos artigos publicados na Revista Psicologia: Teoria e Prática pertencem aos autores, que concedem à Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie os direitos não exclusivos de publicação do conteúdo.
Referências
American Psychiatric Association. (2004). Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. Arlington:
American Psychiatric Association Practice Guidelines. American Psychiatric Association. (2006). Manual diagnóstico e estatística das perturbações mentais: DSM–IV-TR (J. N. Almeida, Trad.) Lisboa: Climepsi Editores (Obra original publicada em 2000).
Bae, H., Kim, D., & Park, Y. C. (2008). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for adolescent depression. Psychiatry Investigation, 5, 60-65.
Bisson, J., Ehlers, A., Matthews, R., Pilling, S., Richards, D., & Turner, S. (2007). Psychological treatments for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 190, 97-104.
Brown, S., & Shapiro, F. (2006). EMDR in the treatment of borderline personality disorder. Clinical Case Studies, 5, 403-420.
De Jongh, A., & Ten Broeke, E. (1998). Treatment of choking phobia by targeting traumatic memories with EMDR: a case study. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 5, 264-269.
De Jongh, A., & Ten Broeke, E. (2007). Treatment of specific phobias with EMDR: conceptualization and strategies for the selection of appropriate memories. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 1(1), 46-57.
De Jongh, A., Ten Broeke, E., & Renssen, M. R. (1999). Treatment of specific phobias with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): protocol, empirical status, and conceptual issues. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 1-2(13), 69-85.
De Jongh, A., Van den Oord, H. J., & Ten Broeke, E. (2002). Efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of specific phobias: four single-case studies on dental phobia. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(12), 1489-1503.
Department of Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense. (2010). Clinical practice guideline for the management of post-traumatic stress. Washington: Veterans Health Administration, Department of Veterans Affairs and Health Affairs, Department of Defense.
Etten, M., & Taylor, S. (1998). Comparative efficacy of treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 5, 126-144.
Fernandez, I., & Faretta, E. (2007). EMDR in the treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia. Clinical Case Studies, 6, 44-63.
Foa, E. B., Keane, T. M., Friedman, M. J., & Cohen, J. A. (2009). Effective treatments for PTSD: practice guidelines of the international society for traumatic stress studies. New York: Guilford Press.
Gauvreau, P., & Bouchard, S. P. (2008). Preliminary evidence for the efficacy of EMDR in treating generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 2, 26-40.
Gupta, M., & Gupta, A. (2002). Use of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the treatment of dermatologic disorders. Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, 6, 416-421.
Luber, M. (2009). EMDR scripted protocols. New York: Spinger.
Marcus, S. V., Marquis, P., & Saki, C. (1997). Controlled study of treatment of PTSD using EMDR in an HMO setting. Psychotherapy, 34, 307-315.
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. (2006). The public health guidance development process: an overview for stakeholders including public health practitioners, policy makers and the public. Recuperado em 1º novembro, 2013, de www.nice.org.uk
Roos, C., & De Jongh, A. (2008). EMDR treatment of children and adolescents with a choking phobia. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 3(2), 201-211.
Schneider, J., Hofmann, A., Rost, C., & Shapiro, F. (2008). EMDR in the treatment of chronic phantom limb pain. Pain Medicine, 9, 76-82.
Schurmans, K. (2007). A clinical vignette – EMDR treatment of choking phobia. Journal of EMDR and Research, 2(2), 118-121.
Shapiro, F. (2002). EMDR as an integrative psychotherapy approach: experts of diverse orientations explore the paradigm prism. Washington: American Psychological Association.
Shapiro, F. (2005). EMDR solutions. Pathways to healing. New York: Norton & Company. Shapiro, F. (2009). The EMDR approach to psychotherapy. Watsonville: EMDR Institute .
Van der Kolk, B., Spinazzola, B., Blaustein, M. E., Hopper, J. W., Hopper, E. K., Korn, D. L., & Simpson, W. B. (2007). A randomized clinical trial of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), Fluoxetine, and Pill placebo in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: treatment effects and long-term maintenance. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 68, 1-10.
Wesselmann, D., Davidson, M., Armstrong S., Schweitzer C., Bruckner D., & Potter A. E. (2012). EMDR as a treatment for improving attachment status in adults and children. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 62, 223-230.