Indicadores de Propensão à Esquizotipia entre Indivíduos Crentes no Paranormal: Examinando a Intensidade das Imagens, Esquizotipia e Experiências Alucinatórias

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Publicado: Mar 28, 2010
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experiência alucinatória imagens esquizotipia fantasia paranormal

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Alejandro Parra
Universidade Abierta Interamericana

Resumo

Alguns estudos sugerem que um elevado grau de crença no paranormal predispõe a experimentar uma variedade de experiências paranormais, inclusive interpretar como paranormais igual ou maior número de experiências perceptuais anormais. A propensão à esquizotipia é outro fator que regula o controle e a manutenção dessas crenças. No presente estudo, são examinadas possíveis diferenças entre “alucinadores” e “não alucinadores”, em uma amostra de indivíduos crentes no paranormal em termos de intensidade da imaginação auditiva, visual e tátil, assim como três fatores da propensão à esquizotipia. Foi avaliado um grupo de crentes no paranormal formado por 158 participantes – 110 mulheres (69,6%) e 48 homens (30,4%) – cuja faixa etária variou de 19 a 75 anos (média = 46,83, desvio padrão = 11,92). Avaliou‑se também outra amostra composta por 158 participantes estudantes de psicologia – 69% mulheres e 30% homens (média = 46,83) – da Universidad Abierta interamericana. Ambos os grupos completaram a escala de imagens vívida de Betts, o questionário Barrett de alucinações e o questionário de personalidade esquizotípica. Foi encontrada maior intensidade de imaginação visual, auditiva e tátil no grupo de alucinadores em comparação com os não alucinadores na amostra de crentes no paranormal, mas não se constatou neles maior propensão à alucinação. No entanto, os alucinadores visuais, auditivos e táteis tiveram uma pontuação mais elevada no fator cognitivo‑perceptual quando comparados com os “não alucinadores”. Nos estudantes, constatou‑se o melhor discriminador para as modalidades alucinatórias visual, auditiva e tátil. É possível concluir que os crentes no paranormal do grupo estudado são pessoas psicologicamente integradas e que o termo alucinação deve ser descartado.

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v. 12 n. 3 (2010)
Seção
Artigos

Os direitos autorais dos artigos publicados na Revista Psicologia: Teoria e Prática pertencem aos autores, que concedem à Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie os direitos não exclusivos de publicação do conteúdo.

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