Applicability of Functional Electrical Stimulation in Different Motor Dysfunctions of Neurological Origin
Keywords:
Electrical stimulation, Electrotherapy, Evidence-based clinical practice, Therapeutic procedure, Motor skill disordersAbstract
Functional electro stimulation (FES) has become an important intervention for recovery of muscle structure and function, generating contractions with the potential to generate functional movements, such as using a pen to write, bringing a glass of water to your mouth and even walking. Although there is vast evidence about the benefits of FES, it is necessary to understand its application in different motor disorders, as well as the parameters used in each one of them. The objective of this study was to review in the literature the applicability of FES in different motor dysfunctions of neurological origin. This is a narrative review based on a broad search in the databases of studies carried out with the use of FES in different motor dysfunctions, regardless of the pathology. Several possibilities of using the FES were found, being structured in this study based on general information about FES, from the equipment and its programming, installation and types of electrodes, frequency, pulse width and application time; FES for hemi/paraparetic upper and lower limb disorders; and FES in movement disorders. Frequently found as a tool for the rehabilitation of people with stroke, cerebral palsy and spinal cord injury, this article addresses information about the form and safety in the application of the FES. However, the published studies have a low sample size and methodological quality for clinical indication. More robust randomized clinical trials are essential to strengthen FES indications, in addition to highlighting the importance of this approach both in isolation and in conjunction with the use of static or dynamic orthoses. The FES can be a valuable ally in the rehabilitation of motor dysfunctions.
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