Support to informal learning at work: seeking a conceptual articulation

Abstract

Analyzing the state of the art in organizational behavior, we identified a lack of distinction between the types of action that are expected at different stages in supporting the occurrence of learning as well as the need for a systematic theoretical proposition about the support for informal learning in its different phases. This article aims to propose a theoretical model based on the stages of psychosocial support for informal learning, according to the characteristics and qualities of the different stages of the concept of informal learning at work. Emphasizing the social learning theory, social cognitive theory and the hierarchy of learning strategies, this study highlights the importance of psychosocial support, taking into account the theory of reciprocity in social relations. Based on a literature review, it´s proposed a classification of the concept of support considering the phases through which the concept of learning takes place, from acquisition till the individual to application at work. The support for learning is discussed considering the procedural stages of acquisition, retention, maintenance, generalization and transfer of knowledge, skills and competencies that must be expressed as tangible and observable results at work routines. Thus, it becomes relevant to investigate what specific type of action will increase the chance of learning and its transfer to work, taking into account the learning process steps. The study of formal learning is emphasized in the organizational behavior literature, through training, development and education programs.  Little attention is given to study informal learning at work. The main limitation this study that is the proposed classification of the concept of learning support has not been tested empirically, although the literature indicates support for learning as the main determinant of the impact of training. Regarding the contributions of this study, it is expected that the classification theory presented is the first step in systematizing the concept of learning support. As a research agenda is proposed the empirical proof of the classification that has been proposed, including the development and psychometric validation of an instrument that will guide the conduct of the research and operationalization of each one of the proposed steps.