Liberté Économique et Développement Humain : Une Analyse Empirique de Panel Transnationale
Mots-clés :
Liberté Économique, Indice de Développement Humain, Institutions, Analyse de Panel Transnationale, Ouverture CommercialeRésumé
Cet article examine la relation entre la liberté économique et le développement humain, mesuré par l’Indice de Développement Humain (IDH), à l’aide de données de panel provenant de 186 pays (2017–2019). Un modèle de régression de panel à effets aléatoires estime l’impact des différentes dimensions de l’Indice de Liberté Économique (IEF) de la Heritage Foundation sur l’IDH. Les résultats montrent que l’Intégrité Gouvernementale et la Liberté du Marché du Travail ont les effets positifs les plus forts, soulignant l’importance de la qualité institutionnelle et de la flexibilité du marché du travail. La Liberté d’Investissement et la Liberté Financière contribuent également positivement, tandis que les Dépenses Gouvernementales affectent négativement l’IDH, suggérant des inefficacités dans les dépenses publiques. Une vérification de robustesse confirme la pertinence structurelle de la liberté économique, mais indique que les variations à court terme de l’IDH au sein des pays ne sont pas entièrement expliquées. Les recherches futures devraient explorer les mécanismes causaux, les effets non linéaires et les institutions informelles. Les conclusions suggèrent que des politiques favorisant la transparence, l’intégrité institutionnelle et l’efficacité du marché du travail sont essentielles pour améliorer le développement humain.
Téléchargements
Références
Ababio, O. M. J., Attah-Botchwey, E., Osei-Assibey, E., & Barnor, C. (2021). Financial inclusion and hu-man development in frontier countries. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 26(1), 42–59. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.1775
Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. (2001). The colonial origins of comparative development: An empirical investigation. American Economic Review, 91(5), 1369–1401. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.91.5.1369
Aidis, R., Estrin, S., & Mickiewicz, T. M. (2012). Size matters: Entrepreneurial entry and government. Small Business Economics, 39(1), 119–139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-010-9299-y
Bjørnskov, C., Dreher, A., & Fischer, J. A. V. (2010). Formal institutions and subjective well-being: Revis-iting the cross-country evidence. European Journal of Political Economy, 26(4), 419–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2010.03.001
Cole, J. H. (2003). The contribution of economic freedom to world economic growth, 1980–99. Cato Jour-nal, 23(2), 189–198.
Cole, M. A. (2007). Corruption, income and the environment: An empirical analysis. Ecological Econo-mics, 62(3–4), 637–647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.08.003
Doucouliagos, H., & Ulubasoglu, M. A. (2006). Economic freedom and economic growth: Does specifica-tion make a difference? European Journal of Political Economy, 22(1), 60–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2005.06.003
Easterly, W. (2019). Progress by consent: Adam Smith as development economist. Review of Austrian Eco-nomics, 34(2), 179–201. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11138-019-00478-5
Esposto, A., & Zaleski, P. (1999). Economic freedom and the quality of life: An empirical analysis. Consti-tutional Political Economy, 10(2), 185–197. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009068829135
Farr, W. K., Lord, R. A., & Wolfenbarger, J. L. (1998). Economic freedom, political freedom, and economic well-being: A causality analysis. Cato Journal, 18(2), 247–262.
Gwartney, J., Holcombe, R. G., & Lawson, R. (2006). Institutions and the impact of investment on growth. Kyklos, 59(2), 255–273. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6435.2006.00327.x
de Haan, J., & Sturm, J. E. (2000). On the relationship between economic freedom and economic growth. European Journal of Political Economy, 16(2), 215–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0176-2680(99)00065-8
Hall, J. C., & Lawson, R. A. (2014). Economic freedom of the world: An accounting of the literature. Con-temporary Economic Policy, 32(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1111/coep.12010
Johnson, J. P., & Lenartowicz, T. (1998). Culture, freedom and economic growth: Do cultural values ex-plain economic growth? Journal of World Business, 33(4), 332–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1090-9516(99)80082-6
Khan, M. B., Islam, M. M., & Akbar, C. S. (2020). Economic freedom and financial development nexus in developing countries: The role of institutional quality. Borsa Istanbul Review, 20(3), 236–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2020.01.002
Odhiambo, N. M. (2015). Government expenditure and economic growth in South Africa: An empirical investigation. Atlantic Economic Journal, 43(3), 393–406. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11293-015-9461-7
Sturm, J. E., & de Haan, J. (2001). How robust is the relationship between economic freedom and economic growth? Applied Economics, 33(7), 839–844. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840152015749
Livros:
Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. (2012). Why nations fail: The origins of power, prosperity, and poverty. New York, NY: Crown Business.
Desai, U. (Ed.). (1998). Ecological policy and politics in developing countries: Economic growth, democ-racy, and environment. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Hayek, F. A. (1944). The road to serfdom. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Hayek, F. A. (2010). O caminho da servidão (6th ed.). São Paulo, Brazil: Instituto Ludwig von Mises Bra-sil.
Hayek, F. A. (2017). Os erros fatais do socialismo. São Paulo, Brazil: Faro Editorial.
Kirzner, I. M. (2005). Competition and entrepreneurship. Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund.
Leoni, B. (2010). Freedom and the law. Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund.
McCloskey, D. N. (2010). Bourgeois dignity: Why economics can’t explain the modern world. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
McCloskey, D. N. (2016). Bourgeois equality: How ideas, not capital or institutions, enriched the world. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Mises, L. (2018). Ação humana: Um tratado de economia. São Paulo, Brazil: Instituto Ludwig von Mises Brasil.
North, D. C. (1990). Institutions, institutional change and economic performance. Cambridge, UK: Cam-bridge University Press.
Nussbaum, M. C. (2000). Women and human development: The capabilities approach. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511841286
Rothbard, M. N. (1978). Society without a state. Nomos, 19, 191–207.
Sen, A. (1999). Development as freedom. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf.
Sen, A. (2000). What is development about? In G. M. Meier & J. E. Stiglitz (Eds.), Frontiers of development economics: The future in perspective (pp. 506–513). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Wooldridge, J. M. (2006). Introductory econometrics: A modern approach (3rd ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western College Publishing.
Téléchargements
Publiée
Comment citer
Numéro
Rubrique
Licence
(c) Tous droits réservés Matheus Silva de Paiva 2025
Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.
Le droit d'auteur des articles publiés dans Revista de Economia Mackenzie appartient aux auteurs, qui accordent à l'Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie les droits exclusifs de publier le contenu. La reproduction totale ou partielle est interdite sans l'autorisation préalable du comité éditorial, sauf autorisation préalable.Os direitos autorais dos artigos publicados na Revista de Economia Mackenzie pertencem aos autores, que concedem à Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie os direitos exclusivos de publicação do conteúdo. É vedada sua reprodução total ou parcial sem a devida autorização da Comissão Editorial, exceto quando previamente autorizado.
